Ricci Calculus Schouten 1924 1stEd, Tensor Analysis, In German

Description: Ricci Calculus Schouten 1924, Tensor Analysis,1st Ed Click to Enlarge Description: Der Ricci Kalkuel Eine Einfuhrung In Die Neueren Methoden Und Probleme Der Mehrdimensionalen Differentialgeometrie von J. A. Schouten Mit 7 Textfiguren Die Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften in Einzeldarstellungen, Band X Julius Springer, Berlin, 1924. First Edition. In German. Yellow cloth hard covers, octavo, 311 pages, figures. The revised edition of this book was published in English in the 1950s under the title Ricci-Calculus: An Introduction to Tensor Analysis and its Geometrical Applications. Very scarce 1924 German first edition of this important work. Jan Arnoldus Schouten (August 28, 1883 - January 20, 1971) was a Dutch mathematician. He was an important contributor to the development of tensor calculus and was one of the founders of the Mathematisch Centrum in Amsterdam. Schouten's dissertation of 1914 applied his "direct analysis," modelled on the vector analysis of Josiah Willard Gibbs and Oliver Heaviside to higher order tensor-like entities he called "affinors." The symmetrical subset of affinors were tensors in the physicists sense of Woldemar Voigt. Entities such as axiators, perversors, and deviators appear in this analysis. Just as vector analysis has dot products and cross products, so affinor analysis has different kinds of products for tensors of various levels. However, instead of two kinds of multiplication symbols, Schouten had at least twenty. This made the work a chore to read, although the conclusions were valid. Schouten later said in conversation with Hermann Weyl that he would "like to throttle the man who wrote this book." (Karen Reich, in her history of tensor analysis, misattributes this quote to Weyl.) Weyl did, however, say that Schouten's early book has "orgies of formalism that threaten the peace of even the technical scientist." (Space, Time Matter, p. 54). R. WeisenbÃ¶ck wrote of "the terrible book he has committed." Schouten independently discovered in 1915 what is now known as the Levi-Civita connection . Schouten's derivation is generalized to many dimensions rather than just two, and Schouten's proofs are intrinsic rather than extrinsic, unlike Tullio Levi-Civita's. Despite this, since Schouten's article appeared almost a year after Levi-Civita's the latter got the credit. Schouten was unaware of Levi-Civita's work because of poor journal distribution and communication during WWI. Schouten engaged in a losing priority dispute with Levi-Civita. Shouten's colleague L. E. J. Brouwer took the side against Schouten. Once Schouten became aware of Ricci and Levi-Civita's work, he embraced their simpler and more widely accepted notation. Schouten also developed what is now known as the Kahler Manifold two years before Erich Kahler. Again he did not receive full recognition for this discovery. Schouten's name appears in various mathematical entities and theorems, such as the Schouten tensor, and the Weyl-Schouten theorem. Schouten collaborated with Elie Cartan on two articles as well as with many other eminent mathematicians such as Kentaro Yano (with whom he co-authored three papers). Through his student and co-author Dirk Struik his work influenced many mathematicians in the United States. In the 1950's Schouten completely rewrote and updated the German version of "Ricci Kalkul" and this was translated into English as "Ricci Calculus." This covers everything that Schouten considered of value in tensor analysis. This included work on Lie groups and other topics and that had been much developed since the first edition. Schouten, like Weyl and Cartan was stimulated by Einstein's General Relativity. He co-authored a paper with Alexander Aleksandrov Friedmann of Petersburg and another with V. Hlavaty. He interacted with Ostward Veblen of Princeton and corresponded with Wolfgang Pauli on spin space. (See H. Goenner, Living Review link below.) br> From Wikipedia website Condition: Very Good- (Covers have soiling, wear at spine ends, edge and corner wear, dent on fore-edge of front board. Contents are clean. Binding is tight.) Check our other auctions and store listings for additional unusual items. (Click here to view all of our auctions) Shipping and Payment Information Shipping : DOMESTIC Domestic Media Mail shipping, including Delivery Confirmation and Insurance, is free. This applies to any address in the US and Puerto Rico, as well as to APO addresses. 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End Time: 2024-11-30T03:17:40.000Z

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